Apparatus for submarine signaling.



VE. G. .WOOD n H. G. MABDEN. APPARATUS rmi SUBMABINB sIGNALmG.

APPLIGATIOH FILED KAY 31, 1905.

Patented Jan. 11,1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET i.

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L., annuel),

E. C. WOOD a H. G. MARDBN.

APPARATUS FOB SUBMARINE SIGNALING.

APPLXCATIGH FILED MAY 31. 1905.

r SENT ormoni mwisnn-owoonfor soiamwrmn. AND HARRY G. MARDEN, or BRAINTREE. nassacnosnms, 'AssmNons To suena-mm: SIGNAL COMPANY, or WATERVILLE,

A MANE; A; 'oBroRATI'oN or MAINE.

',To alZiiEom ifjimyfcolincem:

. @Be inlincwn. that we, Enwazin C. Noem o1 Somerville, in the county of Middlesex and-Stateof liiassachnsetts, and Hatier G. lSLiiiDnN, of' Braintree, in the county of Norfolli in the-.State of Massachusetts both Q D f Y ,citi'zensrof the United States, have invented ancwand useful Improvement in ppura- .tus for `Submarine Signaling, of which the following .is a specitication.

.Qur invention relates more especially to w means whereby ah submarine bell or other source ,ofsound'may be set in powerful vibration promptly and with certainty, said means `being comparatively light and simple and selt'contained within the bell sustaining structure.

En' our description we use the term bell but do not mean to limit. ourselves to what is ordinarily so termed.

This 'invention will be understood by reference. to the drawings, in which- Figuie 1 ris n vertical sectionof a mechanisin embodying this invention. Fig'. 2 is an elevation partly in section ot' the eylinders showing the valve mechanism. Fig. 3

is an elevation' of the. lower cylinder and valve, the code wheel being removed to show one arrangement of ports. Figs. l and 5 are details of the pawl lever. Fig. 6 isvan elevation of the code wheel, Fig, being a i section cnLline :T T tif-'Fig'. 6. l*

view taken on line 9.-!) of Fig. Fig. l0

is a front elevation of the valve controlling i chamber andcylinder. Fig. 13 is a detail, the ccde'wlieel heilig removed, showing the pawl lever and Aits relation to the various passageshereinafter referred to. Figs. 1l

-and 1.3v are'dctails showing the code Wheel in two Ypositions and-the relation of the various passages thereto. Fig. 16 is a "sectional-detail ofa portion of the front of thecylinder, etc., on the plane of line lf3-16, `Fig.A 1Q Fig. lis a general View showing the connections with the air compressor, etc.

' F imlS is'an end view of the cani roll and the -sliaf'tfto which it is connected corresponding to Fig. 11, the valve rod and its ig. S is an enlarged sectional vview, taken on line 8v-S of Fig. :2. flgf.) is an enlarged sectional '1 i A-PPARAT FOR SUBMARINE 'SGNALINGn 1905. Seiitl l\lo. 263,165.

E head being omitted, and Fig. 19 is a section g 'of said s liaft taken between the pinion and E the bearing in which the shaft is carried. f, Thecasing is for convenience made in two i pais, the lower part A in which is the reserrori a for, compressed air, and the upper l part fr in which the cylinders are contained. To the bottom of the lower part A of the casing is attached the bell B which in order to get the necessary tone is preferably provided ivith a thickened rini b. A rubber gasket b1 is preferably laid between the bell and casing when the two are :itt-ached tc con-l fine 'the vibrations-to the bell. Within the bell is pivotally hung the hammer lever C to the lower end of which is attached the striker c. As shown in Fig. l thehammer is in position to be swung over against the opposite rim to canse its vibration.

T he casing has a partition a integral with the lower pait of the casing and forming the upper wall of the reservoir through which partition is an opening a`2 leading to the passage a? formed in the side wall of the upper part A of the casing.4 This passage terminates in the nipple a* by which the i passage is connected t0 thedelivery chamber i, of an air pump or other source of compressed Lair on shore or shipboard: By this means the ,reservoir is supplied with compressed air.

Through the reservoir passes ,the tube C1 the ends of 'which are brazed into openings in the partition al and the bottom of the g iewer part of the casing. Within the upper end' of the tube C1 and attached to the i partition aL is a. stuffing box C`2 t yrough which slides the piston rod D Th lower -Ifend of the piston rod D is connected by means of' 'a connecting rod I)1 with the hammer vlever C, the coupling d between the piston rod' andthe connecting rod being .siich as to allow the piston' rod lto rotate freely with relation to t e connecting rod should it be inclined to do so. The connection between the connecting rod D1 and the.

los'

hing-V lifted inthe manner described below lifts the hammer lever but its upward movement stops before the hammer strikes the hell, the momentum of the striker c carrying it against. the bell .from which.it rebounds at once so as not Yto deziden its vibrations.

Movement is given to the piston rod by v means of a differential piston operating in 'the cylinders E and F. lWithin the larger cylinder 'E is the piston which is raised by air pressure exerted in the cylinder l) below it. The piston rod -D is extended up through the piston E* and carries at its upper end the smaller piston FL which slides intlie smaller cylinder F. Theupper end of the cylinder l." is alwaysi connected with .the reservoir a by the passage f so there is a constant,l pressure on the piston F1 tending' to move 1t downward. At the proper time p piston ,of the larger area of the piston El.

a like pressure on' the under surface of the lifts it and the piston 1*" because Gris the valve by which the air pressure in the cylinder E is controlled. The valve G isa diilerential piston valve which has ashortjreciprocation Within its .casing Grl audits function is to open and close the port. g which connects'. the reservoir a with kthe under side of the piston E.

The top g1 of this valve has'a larger area than the bottom g2 and the cylinder in-which the valve y v slidesvaries in diameter accordingly. 'A

Ytube Gr2 extends from the chamber under the 'valve nearly to the bottom of the reservoir to lead compressed -air to the valve and through it to the cylinder E'. By carrying this tube nearly to the bottom ofthe reser.- voir a any moisture laden air is carried off through the apparatus, so tliatany accumulation ofmoisture will be prevented. A

to llibric'ate the parts.

The time between the strokes of the bell hammer is governed by the time which it taltes to exhaust the air from the cylinder E5 after the piston has been raised.4 For this purpose the cylinder E has 'an exhaust port e and there is a plurality of passages h, lil,

each of which is controlled by a throttle.

screw j, j1`j2.Two of these throttles are shown 1n detail 1n F 1g. 9, Each consists of a screw jyjl, jg, screwing into an opening in a boss on the casting forming the lower cylinder E 'and vcapable of partially closing any one of the air passages. Each screw is normally held from turningby aspring j* 'top' of the valve casing from which loil may be drawn by a wick leed or in any other suitable way which ex nds between e washer under the head of t .e screw and aA recess in the casting, preferably. By turning any screw the passage through that port may be throttled more or less. In vpractice the screw y' in ort e .is

turned to open its passage practica ly wide,

another )l 1n passage Il to close its passage shghtly, and the third j: in pas: age L to close its passage still more, but ai the same time to allow the exhaust to ass tirough it. A. code wheel H and a paivl ever l( for operating it are provided to control the direction of the air through these passages. -As below described the pawl lever has an openinge" adapted to register with the upper end, ot' the exhaust port e and the codewieel has a seriesl of openings /each adapted to register with the opening c when said opening e is iii register with the exhaust port e and allow the air from the port e to pass directly into the chamber A. .Xt other times the air may be directed through one of the passages h, 1Ll as below described.

lhe code wheelll and pawl lever K are iiioiuited on a stud L projecting from the casing. code wheel and the part's are held together to prevent lealiiiigby a spring L2 and nuts L3 which also prevent any tendency of the code wheel to turn backward. 'The code wheel has ratchet teeth on its periphery corresponding in number to the number of blows intended to be struck to give a. prede-- termined signal. The pawl lever carries a pawl I1. attached thereto at li' adapted to engage these teeth. The pawl leverY is operated by a. cam rod M connected. to it at. 'm and running up in bearings above the top of the cylinder E.' I .ts upper end is grooved las at h to forni a. cam surfacewhich rests upon a cam roll n.v This cam roll n is mounted on an arm' 'n3 on the end of the A. friction disk L1- lies next the.

Vlos

shaft nl which is mounted in bearin-rs'n?.

On the shaft nl is a loose pinion N which engages and is turned by a. rack N1 mounted on. that part of the piston rod D which runs in the cylinder F' so that as thepiston rod'v D rises and falls it oscillates the pinion through the means of this rack. The pinion N carries a lug N2 which engages a corre sponding lug N3 on a sleeve N. which is pinned to the shaft n1 (see Fig. 1 0) so that it will be engaged by the lug N2and'give to the shaft a portion of a turn.' By thisi means the pawl lever K of the code wheel H is caused to operate at the proper time and for the proper length of time to move the code wheel. cam rod M is caused by the s ring M? which lies between the in' 'min the rod and the under sur-face o the casing and is coin` pressed by the lifting of the cam rod.

The code wheel Il has aseries of openings h2, each adapted to register with theiipper end of the port` c .through1-ii5`oorree The return movement of' the Spending openinge in the pawl lever K,

l.and it also has bypasses or grooves e, e,

each of which regis* .rs at oneend with the v upper end of port @the other end of bypass.

e: registering'with branch hi and the other end of bypass@ registering wlth branch lll. The pawl lever K has openings k1 and k2 Vone of wliich k registers from time to time with the bypass e2 to allow the air to escape from the exhaust port e through it and the passage zl andthe Lier k2 registers from time to time (see Fig. 15 with the bypass to allow the air te escape from the port e through it and the passage l. It will thus be seen that the exhaust from below the Vpiston El passes ontthrough the port e and from thence through openings c in lever K 4and i12 in the code wheel; in which case there from which if the pressure becomes too great it may pass ont through the nipple 5 as below described. The pawl leverK also has a 'bvoass which serves as a )assaee to connect r L l es the pcrt y from the upper part of the valve cylinder G with the inlet g5 from the reservoir u, c: with the exhaust port g These parts are arranged and operated as follows. The bottom or smaller end of ,the valve is always under air pressure suplied through the tube. G2. and hence it will e in its upper position (opening the port g to allow air to pass into the cylinder Ey lander the piston E except when pressure is supplied from the air reservoir a to its larger or upper e'inl through the port g3 which may be connected with the reservoir a through the bypass r and passage g5 (see Fig. 13). After .the piston has been lifted and a blow struck7 the code wheel havingbeen simultaneously turned, the' port -e is connected with one of the openings h2 so that the air below the piston E1 will exbhaast quickly intothev upper chamber. At

the same time the valve port g3 is connected through the bypass [c and 'exhaust port.` gG with the upper chamber A2 through one of the openings l' so that the' air pressure'jon the larger or upper end ofthe valve which has driven the valve G down is released -and the valve begins to rise and allow airv topass into the cylinder E again, thus causingthehammer to strikev a blow. This action is rerwnted until the 'turning of the codeswheel one of the bypasses e2 connects 'theeport e with say the branch hwhich being contracted by its throttle allogge. theV cl2-.haast` to escapemoreI slop-15,150-

that there is a decided pause between the last stroke and thc next. The former operation is thereafter repeated until the bypass e3 connrcts c with h1 when ou ing to the position of its throttle screw there is a still longer panse between tht` blows; By properly combining these passages any desired signal may be given. For example', by .tollowing the first stroke of thc hcll with three other strokes at short intervals due to the use of throttle adjusted as described. then by a longer interval due to throttle j1 followed by tire strokes at short intervals due to throttle j again, followed by a very long interval due to throttle ji, we have so the code number l5, thus: l-l-i-l 1-l-l--l-l after whichl the ninnber is repeated.

ll'c noted that the upper or smaller piston is always connected with the rc:-:cr\oir and g5 that when the lower reservoir is connected with the under side of the lower pistonl it overcomes the= pressure because of the larger arca of the lower piston. ln the saine way the under or smaller surface of lh'c valve 90,V

is always connected with the reservoir and the pressure tending to lift it is overcome because of the larger area of the outer cndof the valve.

It is best to use rubber gaskets at all the joints and also to provide a dashpot to ch'cck the rise of the piston E. For this purpose the upper surface of the piston has an annular groove as at l to lit the collar P1 which hangs from the under side of the lO top.

We have shown in Fig. 12 the usual inanner of connecting mechanism embodyingy our present invention with an air pump and controlling valves. The details of this mechanisni are described in our application., Sierial No. 269,99, tiled July 1T. i905, so that itneed only be briefly described here.

Q is an air piunp connected by thc pipe and the tube q through a relief valve Q1 110 with the nipple u. The nipple a is connected with a back pressure valve Q2 by the tube and 'pipe g1. A cross connection q? connects pipe g with a three-way cock Q Each pipe r, qL carriesa` gage R, R1 by 115 which the pressures in those pipes will be indicated. The relief valve limits the rise in pressure in -the compressed air reservoir a. and the back pressureyalve prevents the pressure in the exhaust chamber A2 lfrom 120 decreasiI/ig below a given degree.

.'lien the apparatus is` operating the three-way cock isturned to cut otf the passage through the connection q. lYhen 1t is desired to stop the bell this can be done by W5 equalizing the pressnresin the compressed. air and exhaust reservoirs and to accomplish this the three-way cock is turned toconnect the pipes q and q1 through the pipe q2. The

vgages 11,7121 indicate whether the submerged T y hell.y is sounding or 'not by indicating the relative pressures inv the compressed air and exhaust chambers.

Y, said piston, and intermittently connected with the larger side thereof, in combination The above is the simplest foi'in'of'V our invention now known to ns.

e do not mean to limit ourselves to the vexact construction herein shown and -described.

What we claim as our invention is l. A means for operating the. striking said striking maneiitly connected with the smaller side ot' i with a casing containing said cylinder and said reservoir, as described.

2. A means for operatingr asubmarine signaling apl'iaratus having sounder and a i v striking means comprising a casing containltial piston adapted y striking means,

therefor, tlie smaller cylinder being .con- -staiitly connectedk with said compressed air ing a compressed 'air reservoir connected with a source of air -c.'.nipiession, a difierento be connected with said cylinders of different sizes reservoir, a connection between said larger cylinder and said compressed air reservoir and a valve adapted to intermittently open and close said connection.

3, As ameans for supporting the sounder in a 'signaling apparatus having a sounder and a striking n ieans, a sounder and a easing supporting said sounder and containing a compressed air reservoir and a compressed air motor adapted toebe connected to operate the striking means 'of saidsounder as described. i

4. In an apparatus adapted to operate a submarine signal of the kind described, an airtight casing adapted to be submerged and to support a sounder and striker, said casing containing a compressed air reservoir and a motor connected thereto and adapted to be operated by compressed air therefrom to opexhaust reservoir,

erate said striker as set forth.

5. In an apparatus adapted for submarine signaling having Aa sounder and a striking y means, a casing containing two chambers, one adapted to serve as a compressed an' reservoir and adapted to be connected with an air compressor, the other adapted to serve as an exhaust reservoir, a piston mechanism located in said casing, means whereby said compressed air reservoir is cenriectedwitli the cylinder of saidl piston mechanism to operate said piston, and means whereby said cylinder is interii'iittently connected vvith said as and for the purposes described.

C. In .an apparatus adapted for submarine signaling having a souii 1er and means er piston,

striking it, a casing containing-a compressed air reservoir and an exhaust reservoir,ineans for operating lsaid striking means at predetermined intervals, said means being operatively connccted to said compressed air rcservoir at predetermined intervals and also being intermittently connected to said exhaust chamber, a differential valve adapted to control said intermittent connection be tween said ccinprcssed air reservoir and said striker operating means, thefsinaller end of said valve being intermittently 'connected to said compressed air reservoir, as described.

I 7. In an apparatus for submarine signaling having a sounder and a striking means, means Afor operating said' striking means comprising a compressed air chamber, a cylinder connected thereto, a piston reciprocating therein, a piston rod, a valve chamber.

and a valve controlling the inlet to said cylinder, and means for operating saidvalve comprising connections between ,said valye chamber and said 'coniprced air chamber and means forV controlling the passages through said connections operated froiiisaid piston as set. forth..

8. In an apparatus `for submarine signaling having a'sounder and a striking means therefor, iii combination,- a casing and contained .'herein a compressed air reservoir, a cylinder, a piston operating therein, a connection. between said reservoir and said cylinder provided with apassage for air between said reservoir and said cylinder, a differential valve located in said passage, the smaller side of said valve being constantly exposed to direct pressure from said reservoir and the larger side thereof being intermittently exposed thereto as set forth.

9. In anapparatus adapted for submarir signaling having a sounder and a striking mechanism, means for operating said striking mechanism comprising a piston, a cylinder therefor having an inlet and an exhaust, a v alve controlling said inlet and automatioallyvar'iablemeaiis other than said valve for controlling the rapidity of the exhaust from said cylinder as described.

10. In an apparatus adapted for subma- .rine signaling liaviug a sounder and a strilting mechanism, means for operating said striking mechanism comprising a piston, a

cylinder therefor, and means tor lsupplying air to and exhausting it from said cylinder comprisingr a valve and automatically vari'- ableincans other than said valve-for controlling the rapidity of the exhaust from said cylinder` as described.

11. In an apparatus for signaling having a sounder and a striking means, means for operating said sti'iliing'means comprising a a cylinder therefor, a compressed air reservoir, means for admitting compressed air intermittently therefrom to said cylinder and means for exhausting au' from said cyli 3c Ylat. In an apparatus adapted to operaie a -4 Inder comprising two or more passages havi 'zo ing different exhausting capacities and means whereby said passages may he connected to said i succession.

1Q. ln an apparatus adapted tor signaling having a sounder and a strikingr means. inc-.ans for operating said strikingmeans comprisingr a piston, a cylinder therefor. a c ouipie...ed air reservoir, means for admitting compressed air intermittently therefrom to said eyiindei" and means i'or exhausting air from said cylinder comprising.Y

` two or more passages each haring means for the adjustment of its exhausztingcapacity and means wherehiv said passages ma)` he connected to said cylinder in predetermined succession.

a sounder and a striking means. ineans for operating .said striki g means comprising a pist on, a q-'lindei therefor, a compressed air reservoir, means for admitting con pressed air intermittently therefrom to saif cyider and means for exhausting air fr in said cylinder comprising two or more iassages haring different exhausting capacities and automatic. means Whereby'said passages maj: be connected to said cylinder in predetern'iincd succession.

signaling det'ice having a sounder and a striker. means for operating said striker comprising a cylinder, a piston. a faire adapted to control the inlet to said vlinder and means for controlling the exhaust from said Cylinder comprising two or more passages having ditierent exhausting capacities,A an exhaust outlet from said cylinder. a code wheel provided with openings conlnectible with said exhaust and either one of said passages, and means for operating said code Wheel.

15. Iii-an apparatus adapted to operate a signaling device having a sounder and a striker, means for operatinpr said striker comprising a cylinder, a piston, a valve adapted to control the inlet to said cylinder and means for controlling the exhaust from said cylinder comprising two or more passages having diterent exhausting capacities. an exhaust outlet from said cylinder, a code wheel provided with openings connectihle with said'iexliaust and either one of said passages and means for oper-stir.: said code wheel comprising a ratchet connected to said code Wheel', a paivl lever, a pawl operating said ratchet, said pawl lever having openings adapted to register with said exhaust and the openings in said code wheel, and means for operating said pawl lever as and for the purposes set forth.

16; In an apparatus adapted to operatea signaling device having a sounder and a striker, means for operating said striker cylinder in predetermined i adapted to control the. inlet to said cylinder and iieaiis for '-oiiti'niline' the exhaust troni said cylinder comprising' two or more pas- 'a :sages haring dillcront exhausting capacities,

an exhaust outlet from said cylinder. a rude. wheel 4provided with openings connectiiilo with .said exhaust and either one ot' said passages and ineenv for operatingy aid code wheel, :i pawi levez', avpawl operating' said ratchet. said pawl leier haring' openings and bypasses'adapted to' refaisterwith. iid exhaust and the openings insa id code wheel. and means for operating said pawl lever and for the purposes .set forth.

1T. in an apparatus adapted to operatea.

signaling' device having' a sounderand; a

I. n v tiiQi; )nf-ging fui' 0pt-rating .salti .'sliitlI-t' i3. .ln an apparatus i'or signalinghaving comprising a evlinder. anpiton.' a ialre ladapted to control the inlet lo c vliarler and means for controlling the exhaust 'from said c vlinder comprising two or more passages having diti'erent exhan ting can' o.. ties. an exhaust outlet from 'sind cylinder. a

code wheel provided with openings zoniet-th hle with said exhaust' andeithtr one ot' said iassages and nie-.ins foro'icrating said code wheel comprising a' ratchet conneetedrto said code wheel, a pawl let'ei, a pawl operatingr said ratchet, saidpawl lever haring openings adapted to register -with said exf and connected to said`pawl lever, whsltehj" the i'eciproeations ot' said piston will rfuise the reciprocation of said pawl lever7 as and for the purposes set forth. Y

18. In annapparatus adapted to-opcra'te a signaling device having a sounder and a striker, means for operating said striker comprising` a cylinder# piston, a valve adapted to control the inlet to said cylinder and means for controlling the exhaust from said cylinder comprising two or more passages having different exlianstin'! capacities. an exhaust outlet from said cylindei',acodewlieel provided with openings connectihle with said exhaust and either one. of said passages. and means for operating said Code wheel. in combination with a passage into a valve chamber, also controllable hy said, code wiheel to allow the passage of compressed r.ir into said valve chamber or its exhaust therefrom.

^ 19. In an apparatus adapted for submarine signaling having a sounder and a strik- 'ing means, means for operating said striking mi l y es ` lerhaustport may be connected with either Y .passage in apredetermined succession asset rth. 20. .In an apparatus adapted for submarine signaling having a sounder and a strikin means, a compressed air chamber, a cyl- V is in er havin? an inlet port and an exhaustl port., a connection conaining a passage between said inlet port and said compressed airv chamber, a valve for controlling said passage and connections from said exhaust port providedwith throttles, and automatic means whereby said exhaust may be connected to either one of said throttled passages.

21. In an apparatus adapted for submarine signaling having a sounder and a striking means therefor, operating means for 4operating said striking means comprising a 'diferentialpistom its cylinder, a compressed .air reservoir, the smaller end of said valve casing and of said cylinder being permanently connected with.v said reservoir, the

" vcylinder being intermittently connected with larger end of said .valve casing and of said said reservoir, and means operated by the subiiiarme piston`whereby said connections are intermittentlyniade, as set forth.

23. In an apparatus adapted .to operate `signaling' apparatus having a sounder, means for operating the sounder cc-mprising'a differential piston, its cylinder, a differential valve, its casing, a compressed air reservoir, the-smaller end of said valve Y' casing and of said cylinder being permanently connected with saidri'servoir, and the larger end of said valve `casing and of said cylinder being intermittently connecied with said reservoir` an exhaustfor said cylinder and a single means operated by said piston whereby said valve connection is intermittently made to alternately connect the cylinder inciosing the larger end of the piston with said reservoir and with said exhaust. as described.

and a striking means, means for operating said striking means comprising a casing and located therein a differential piston, its cylinder, a diii'crential valve, its casing, a-

nently connecting` said reservoir with the smaller end of said valve casing, a passage permanently connecting the smaller end of said cylinder with said reservoir, the larger tently connected with said reservoir, and means for so connecting it, and means whereby the larger end of said valve casing-is in'- termttently connected with said reservoir as described. f

submarine signaling device having a sounder and a striking mechanism, means for operating said striking mechanism comprising a compressed air reservoir, a piston, a cylinder and a valve adapted to connect said reservoir with said cylinder, an exhaust aiid means operated by l'said piston whereby said exadapted to register with. said exhaust `and a pawl plate and connections between said pawl plate and said piston, as described.

' EDWARD C. WOOD.

HARRY n. MARDEN. In presence of SAMUEL T. FROTHINGHAM,

LAURA I. 'MUnRoi-i.

24. In anffapparatus adapted to operate a submarine signaling dci-'ice having a sounder compressed air reservoir, a passage permaend of said valve casing being intermit- 25. In an apparatus adapted to operate ahaust is connected and disconnected fromsaid cylinder, said means comprising a ratchet wheel provided with suitable Vents g 

